According to yesterday’s Pforzheimer Zeitung, I am told (thanks, Derek!), the Low German word Läägeünnerloage is to be registered as a utility model (Gebrauchsmuster – does not exist in the UK at the moment).

Das plattdeutsche Wort Läägeünnerloage wird doch als Gebrauchsmuster eingetragen.

To search the Pforzheimer Zeitung archives, you have to register and then wait for details by email. I’m still waiting.

Anyway, the Bremen lawyer Klaus Göken represented Twistringer RBM Dränfilter GmbH, who created a sort of biodegradable mat for cattle to lie on. The High German term would be Liegeunterlage (literally lying-underlay), but Twistringer wanted the local dialect version. The German Patent Office refused it, and Göken took it all the way to the Federal Court of Justice, which sent it back to the Patent Office.

The first application was made in Low German in February 2000. There is a provision in German law that the language of the courts is German, so the question arose as to whether Low German is German.

I found an English summary of the beginning of the case (starts on page 6, and the document contains more information about minority languages in Germany). According to this, a second application in High German was accepted:

bq. In its defense the office reasoned that had the Lower German version
been accepted, a precedent would have been set, leading to an
unavoidable abundance of applications in other dialects and minority
languages; this would make official procedures incomprehensible.
The office reiterated that the administrative language and that of the
court must be “an understandable form of German, that is High
German”. However, Göken is planning to address the jury in Lower
German.

Did Göken address the jury (what jury?!? some translator slipped up here, I fear) in Lower German? The Pforzheimer Zeitung, far from the Plattdeutsch lands, is silent.

Here is a brief dpa report (in German) dated September 3rd. The above page on Klaus Göken in German. A report from the Institute for the Low German Language (in High German). The Pforzheimer Zeitung, but not the link in question. And something in English about utility models in Germany.

The item itself has been almost forgotten in all this language disputing. It is selling very well, creates warmth and there are 10% to 15% fewer deaths among piglets as a result.

I am very late reporting this – the Federal Court of Justice really decided the point last November. Here is a German report from www.jura-lotse.de. It has probably been blogged. Sure enough, here is a report from Handakte WebLAWg.

NOTE: You may really be looking for my other entry on where IKEA gets the names. That’s because my entries were renumbered a couple of years ago and you have followed an old link.

Robert Brady in Blogcritics touches on one of the sad aspects of being an ‘expatriate’: in Japan, he will never eat cherry pie, but even if he goes back to his native land, he will find the cherry pie he once knew has been superseded by food that is supposed to be better for you:

bq. In Japan, after some tofu and broiled fish, for dessert there is perhaps bean paste, inside or outside some white or pink or maybe (whoopee!) green rice paste, or possibly rice crackers with seaweed, maybe an apple slice (be still, my heart!), and people live a few years longer, though it is not clear to me exactly why they would want to do so under such circumstances. It couldn’t be for more dessert.

With the large number of viruses and worms in circuit nowadays, it’s becoming hard to find names for them.

Wired News has a report on the topic.

A virus is usually named by the antivirus researcher who first discovers it. Names may not be those of businesses or brand names and should not be those of celebrities. Some names fall into predictable categories and some, like Klez, seem senseless or whimsical. One virus was named by its discoverer, George Smith, after a childhood memory: “Heevahava”:

bq. “I grew up in Pennsylvania Dutch country, and a heevahava was the farmhand given the job of holding the bull’s pizzle during the collection of semen,” explained Smith. “Locally, heevahava was used as an insult meaning ‘dolt’ or ‘idiot.'”

Following on from this August 7th entry:

TextCount is one of several programs used by translators to count text.
How does TextCount compare with MS Word in counting? After all, the latest versions of Word give a word count, a count of characters without spaces, and a count of characters including spaces.
However, Word for Windows is less predictable than TextCount et al.

WinWord does not count: commentaries, footnotes, headers, and footers.
TextCount can be set to count them or not to count them.

WW does not count text fields.
TC does

Letters/characters: WW counts these whether entered by the user or the program
TC counts only those entered by user via keyboard.

Several spaces between two words: WW counts them all, however they were entered (but older WW versions count no spaces)
TC always counts one space only, even if there are several.

Several tabstops after each other: WW counts them all, even if they are wrongly used.
TC always counts one tabstop only, even if there are several.

To see an extreme example, download the two files
ANZEIGE5.DOC Download file

and WCount.Doc Download file,
open them in Word, and click Tools, then Word Count (German: Extras, then Wörter zählen). You may be surprised by the results.

The file
Info.doc Download file
is in German – it summarizes the way TextCount counts.

If you want to count words, you have to set the settings so that maximum word length is 0. The program’s default setting is 8, which means that any words over 8 characters in length will be treated as more than one. However, I can think of no context where I would want a maximum word length.

Another problem is how to count a German word with hyphens, such as “14-Zoll-Bildschirm” (14″ screen). You can choose whether words with hyphens in them should be treated as multiple words.

TextCount is not the only program on the market, for example Count’It. Paul Thomas prefers that and also named Practicount, which he says is good for counting PowerPoint files.
But this entry is not to say that TextCount is the best – all I want to do is to explain why TextCount counts more reliably than Word.

Here are contact details for TextCount:
Linguaware
Erhard Strobel
Leisaustr. 8
D-81249 München
Tel.: 089/871 30 852
Fax.: 089/871 30 853
E-Mail: info@linguaware.de
www.textcount.de

And for Count’It, the address is probably
Ingenieurbüro Gil Déniel Software, Brunostr. 26, D 50259 Pulheim,
Fax: +49 2238 15362, and the email may be gdeniel@compuserve.com

There’s a good article by Thekla Kruse in the ADÜ-Nord Infoblatt 6/2001, pages 12-13 (in German).

I recently bought a two-language book called Staats- und Verwaltungsorganisation in Deutschland. The Structure of Government and Administration in Germany, 1997, ISBN 3-931797-12-0.

What might interest some people is that in the same series there is one other German-English book (on the EU), but eight with Russian, six with Polish, four with Czech, three Hungarian, and one each Ukrainian, French, Spanish and Chinese.

Here’s the list, together with two postal addresses with phone numbers for more information. Perhaps they will reveal the ISBNs, because the books can surely be ordered from bookshops.

This is a very obscure book. I bought it because attempts over a few years to find someone who could tell me whether it was worth having had all failed, and it only cost 16 euros. I think this is the first time its ISBN has been revealed on the Internet!

The book is very well done. Not only the English terminology, but the English as a whole is excellent. Of course, it isn’t a barrel of laughs. The main reason why a person interested in this might not buy it would be that the vocabulary in it might be familiar from elsewhere. For instance, there is a Terminological Series issued by the German Foreign Office with a volume called German Institutions, which is a 1990 glossary containing the names of all the German ministries in up to ten languages. The translations used there are used here too.

The book says it is part of the Manual of International Legal and Administrative Terminology. The German version is ‘largely based on the textbook A 6 “Staatsrecht” by Gerhard Brunner and Frank Höfer.’ It was translated into English by Rhodes Barrett, who did a very good job. But his translation was reviewed by Dr. iur. Magnus G.W.Staak, Kronshagen/Kiel. The terminology was compiled by the Federal Academy for Public Administration (Bundesakademie für öffentliche Verwaltung). Does that mean just the German terminology? There is a bilingual glossary of 259 terms at the back. The whole thing is published by two institutions in Bonn and two in Munich. One of the latter is the Bayerische Verwaltungsschule (Bavarian School of Administration). Continue reading →

A Fistful of Euros is a new blog that describes itself like this:

bq. This is the blog you want for creative, English-language coverage of European affairs.

One of the first entries is about the EU style recommendation that we should write (say) ‘one Euro, two Euro’ in English, whereas it seems more natural to write ‘one euro, two euros’. There was some discussion about this a long time ago on translators’ lists and I am definitely in the ‘euros’ camp, although in formal texts I write ‘EUR 2.00’.

The article quotes Michael Everson in Ireland in a radio interview:

bq. I am on a bit of a crusade about this because we’re having … we’re facing a sociolinguistic disaster right now, I mean, it’s almost class-ridden, you know? You’ve got ordinary folk on Thomas Street and Camden Street saying “euros and cents”, quite happily. And then you’ve got, you know — I don’t know who they are, whether it’s they’re better educated or they’re just Dublin 4 or what, you know, and they’re being very careful to say “euro and cent”. And there’s a reason for all of this, and I guess I’m going to have to point my finger at Mr McCreevy because he’s at the top of the heap…. But whether or not he took any decisions or was just badly informed, I don’t know. Now there’s two pieces of legislation which are, sort of, relevant there. One is a European Council Directive from 1997 — number 1103/97 — which says that, basically, OK, “we consider that the name of the single currency has to be the same in all the official languages of the Union.”

Read the article for more detail, and the comments. It also quotes the EU English Style Guide, which is produced by the English units of the Commission’s translation service:

bq. Guidelines on the use of the euro, issued via the Secretariat-General, state that the plurals of both ‘euro’ and ‘cent’ are to be written without ‘s’ in English. Do this when amending or referring to legal texts that themselves observe this rule. Elsewhere, and especially in documents intended for the general public, use the natural plural with ‘s’ for both terms.

(From languagehat).